pipe jacking design calculations

Pipe jacking is a term that describes a specific trenchless pipeline installation technique. The push-on joint is deflectable (as much as 5 degrees) to facilitate HDD applications and routing the pipeline with minimal fittings. 3141, 1999. First, the existing prediction equations and their establishment methods and essential hypotheses used were carefully summarized and compared, providing good foundations for the . Total thrust required if no interjacks used, Max drive distance before interjack required. So the values of geological parameters involved in the new model (taken from the Geological Engineering Handbook [20]) are summarized in Table 4. Using lifting lugs combined with the clevis pins, loads are transferred from one mechanical component to another. [5, 10] suggest to be between /3 and /2, depending on the roughness of the pipe-soil interface and the amplitude of motion. The k coefficient is a constant below one. 1), these lifting lugs are used by cranes for . Figures 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3 illustrate how the principle of pipe jacking is applied to auger boring, microtunnelling, and a jacked underpass. So the Earth pressure calculated by the modified model is generally larger than that calculated by Terzaghis initial silo model. 'kv8V '1#I9I} (^ovO }D Some other authors argued that it can be determined by the tangent of the interfriction angle of soil or /2 or /3 or an angle between them [5, 7, 10, 11]. If the excavation cavity is stable, the pipe is in contact with the cavity at the bottom due to its own weight, and is equal to the weight of pipe per unit length [5, 7]. Ren, Y.-S. Xu, J. Shen, A. Zhou, and A. Arulrajah, Prediction of ground deformation during pipe-jacking considering multiple factors, Applied Sciences, vol. endstream endobj 737 0 obj <>stream There seems that the suggested value in Chinese standard GB50268 (35kPa) is conservative. (2021) focuses on hard rock . The curve pipe-jacking can be further classified into the constant curve pipe-jacking and the rapid curve pipe-jacking using the radius of curvature of 300 m as the divided line. ASCE Pipelines, 2013 (2013), pp. And for the calculation of minimum friction force, the opposite is true. ramming, and drivability for pipe ramming installations. CALCULATION OF REACTION OF 1200mm DIAMETER PIPE Pipe angle from horizontal = 45 0 Horizontal force = PA (1-cos) = 600 x x 1.2 2 (1-cos45)/4 = 200 kN The horizontal force is in the direction of the pipe. Apart from this case, most of effective friction coefficients vary between 0.02 and 0.1. 4, pp. 72, pp. The Department will allow the Contractor to jack a larger than design diameter culvert provided that there is adequate cover (minimum of one metre unless otherwise approved) Pipe jacking method involves the installation of a pipe (prefabricated) through the ground. 4, pp. Following the summary of bibliographical elements and results of the French National Research Project "Microtunnels" concerning the observations at the site and the various calculation methods, we present below guidelines for estimating the pipe jacking stresses to be applied in the starting shaft of the boring machine. The pipe jacking auger method is a technique for installing underground pipes. For simple, the approximate form for the contact angle relation put forward by Michele and Paolo [17], from Persson model, is used in this paper. The bentonite slurry fed into the annular gap fulfils several purposes. Latest research from Deng et al. 14, no. This trenchless tunnelling technique . Therefore, the parameters in each case were finally determined and summarized in Table 3. It has to be noted that at the present time by far the most commonly used model for soil pressure calculation is Terzaghis silo model [5, 7]. 94 0 obj <>stream K. J. Shou and M. J. Jiang, A study of jacking force for a curved pipejacking, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, vol. At present, the main calculation methods of pipe jacking friction resistance can be divided into the following three categories: First, evaluating from construction experiences; for example, China standard GB50268 suggests the average friction resistance to be 35kPa for slurry pipe jacking. 17, no. Ten slurry pipe jacking projects with 12 measured data were collected from literature [57, 18, 19], to check with the predicted result of the model. In slurry pipe jacking, the use of slurry changes the contact conditions between soil and the pipe. %%EOF Design of shafts 6.2.5. Successful pipe jacking demands low skin friction between the ground and the jacked pipe. The Excel formulas use an . It is noted that when the height of cover above the pipe is small (h endobj 1. Using powerful hydraulic jacks, the specially designed pipes are positioned within the access shaft and then pushed in to the ground while the ground at the face is removed in a timely and cost effective manner. Carbon Calculator CO 2 Savings - 500 metres . Apart from a robust structural design of the jacking pipes, the design of the pipe joints is important as the articulation is concentrated in the pipe joints. 2744, 1999. The' wall thickness required is based on a pipe joint having softwood or chipboard joint packers, continu-ous around the circumference of the pipe joint surface . Wells and wells received design calculations based on the available geological survey results. It has to be noted that at the present time by far the most used model is the Hertz contact model [7, 8]. PipePac Software helps you select the right material for buried infrastructure systems and lets you determine the real cost of materials over the design life of the project. And under the condition of water rich, Terzaghi initial silo model performs even better, which may need more cases to check out. 246260, 2017. %PDF-1.5 % Various formulas exist to calculate jacking force, which greatly differ in results. Sheil et al. Interjacks are required where jacking loads exceed the capacity of the pipes. As the term specifies, lifting lugs are used for lifting. This kind of method in turn assumes that the excavated bore is stable, and the pipeline simply slides along the bottom of the bore due to its own weight. The Structural design calculator offers all the basic values; from external design loads (W e ), to bedding factors (F m) taking into account the pipe . According to Terzaghis silo model (5) [5], the soil pressure has no correlation with the pipe diameter, overcut, or soil void ratio. 137, no. Based on this content, Ji et al. Call us at 636-566-6766 for a quote on your project. In pipe jacking, the jacking force is a critical factor that determines the thickness of pipe and reaction wall, type of jacking machine, and lubricant requirements, which is directly related to the structural safety and construction cost. He figured out that the vertical stresses calculated by ATVA 161 model is the largest, while that calculated by Terzaghi initial model is the smallest. Some parameters that needed to calculate the predicted equations were not given in the literature. Most formulas are based on classical soil mechanics theories and some simplified assumptions that consider . Microtunnelling, or Pipe Jacking Method, is a trenchless solution for constructing small diameter tunnels, used especially for projects that require the tunnel to cross under dense traffic roads, railways, rivers, etc. Copyright 2020 Yichao Ye et al. Third, the same form with the second one but using the weight of the pipe or the value of the weight of pipe divided by the contact width instead of the Earth pressure. Accordingly, the relationships between various parameters and the calculated friction force were studied first by single-factor analysis; the results have been shown in Table 5. It is noted that the value of is roughly supposed to be /3 for any formation [6]; however, there is no evidence to support this conclusion. It may indicate that, in the condition of water rich, the boundary planes of wedge failures (a bigger b) assumed by Terzaghi are more consistent with the actual situation. It is noted that Case 4 and Case 5 have almost the same geological conditions and design parameters except for the radial clearance (Case 4 is 20mm and Case 5 is 0mm). It can be calculated by multiplying an effective friction coefficient and the normal force acting on the external surface of the pipe. These characteristics of the projects provide good foundation for evaluating the capability of the model. 11, pp. 81 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<3DE8CF52D9BBFBE7769A4471A59A9FF6>]/Index[68 27]/Info 67 0 R/Length 73/Prev 240867/Root 69 0 R/Size 95/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 3). DN 1200 & DN 1500 pipe production services Design Static calculation Quality management Sale of production equipment Concrete Products &Pipes Co.Ltd. C) with a sample example. The drive shaft consists of jacks, that moves the pipe. 2018, Article ID 9040471, 9 pages, 2018. These displacements are significant enough to produce sliding planes; see Figure 2. Benefits of channel pipes: Hydraulically efficient Excellent self-cleaning properties Easy maintenance Jacking pipes with channels Caisson shafts - the clever solution hW_o6*|l2%R@a,ucT YoISngLD0 1f2QDt0\d*C3i>`*I>7O#{fz$na8/uQ50=rD{~5N]%YcU9 v`J*x_y_^%E[rs{$YS?|vhU8n.gM|fFh7-Ooj0-Sk.Q/|sL6gidV/|0Wy8xw5u~uWM^jYLYSdAQ^mMxnpQ{;Zj\V~~w1E(%>=Q#H|8`zj G2GfPDKjea['7Et\JA| X. Yang, Y. Liu, and C. Yang, Research on the slurry for long-distance large-diameter pipe jacking in expansive soil, Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. Thereby, it faces a problem of parameter combination to calculate the maximum and minimum friction force. Comparison between the calculated frictions and the measured frictions. Concrete Pipe Association of Australasia publication, Pipe Jacking (CPAA -1990). 68 0 obj <> endobj For typical pressure piping applications, the pipe demand calculations for some of these load 161186, 2004. 22, no. At the present time by far, the friction coefficient is usually considered to be a constant, which can be expressed as [5, 6, 10, 12, 14]. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. A modified Protodyakonov's arch model is proposed to calculate face resistance (Ji et al., 2018). However, for various reasons listed above, it seems impossible and unnecessary to calculate these quantities in a target section of the pipeline. 761 0 obj <>stream Earth pressure and the normal stress acting on the pipe. Hypotheses (i) and (ii) exactly eliminate the influence of contact position and contact force on the effective friction coefficient. 8wHdzM%xc 1!HST"gA% J3'}RpY |.ms >0dUg27>a,)pE 8, no. By substituting (9)(12) into (8), after some algebra, the expression of the effective friction coefficient can be written as. American Concrete Pipe Association - Rigid. Pipe jacking has made enormous progress in the past 30 years through the development of so-called microtunnelling. endstream endobj startxref It should be emphasized that the jacking force will change for each site, depending on the magnitude of overcut, lubricants, work stoppages, geology and misalignment. By substituting (9) and (10) into (8), after some algebra, (12) can be further rewritten as, From (15), the key to calculate the effective friction coefficient is to calculate the width (or angle) of contact. Apparently, the effective friction coefficient here is not just related to the interfriction angle of soil but the other soil parameters (Es, , and e) and design parameters (h, Dp, and R). Due to the technical limitations, most of the pipe jacking projects encounter clay or sandy soils with small radial clearance; it is therefore that the applicability of Hertz contact model is extremely limited here. . The calculation of the jacking force is the most important calculation contents. In this case, the effect of overcut can be underestimated or even ignored to get a better prediction result. The calculation formula of the jacking force can reflect the variation law of the jacking force to some extent. Thus, from (20), the value of auxiliary variable should be very large, and the approximate relations can be obtained as. Abstract. Class 4 pipe wall thickness. This effective friction coefficient is introduced to reflect the effect of contact state of pipe soil slurry, highly affected by the effect of lubrication and the interaction of pipe soil slurry. Then, the analytical formula of normal force of circular pipeline is derived, which needs to determine the vertical soil pressure. 298304, 2010. In addition, the value of friction coefficient of pipe soil not only fluctuates greatly and experience dominates, but also depends entirely on soil property (internal friction angle) and ignoring the importance of slurry (as discussed later). In this case, the friction force is only related to the friction coefficient between slurry and the pipe. The case of elastic similarity, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. Predict your pipe jacking design, numbers of interjacks required and TBM specification. hb```f``e`a``fd@ Ar4(01nl/Bv\tz~0%r6']2ow-~ Pg`a?,D`Psf%sl'>[s(Mf. K. Shou, J. If the calculation result of soil pressure is reliable, it can be argued that the effective friction coefficient is also affected by these factors. The following conclusions in the calculation can be drawn:(1)In most cases, assuming a big influencing width of soil above the pipe of Terzaghi initial silo model leads to an underestimation of the soil pressure, and the modified models proposed by PJA (UK) and ATVA (Germany) seem more realistic. Pipe jacking is a typical technique applied to jack pipe segments between two working shafts. Yen, and M. Liu, On the frictional property of lubricants and its impact on jacking force and soil-pipe interaction of pipe-jacking, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, vol. installation of round precast concrete pipe culverts and corrugated steel pipe culverts through . In Table 1, for each of the drives, measured frictional force values are presented and compared to values calculated by the three approaches of Terzaghis initial model and the two modified models. fc = design concrete strength, (psi) LF = 1.2, load factor for jacking thrust-eccentric load. Comparison of design and measured jacking loads for pipe number 5 on the Gonbei Project (from Shi et al., 2017). In principle, during the calculation, the parameters given in the in situ case should be used, and the missing parameters can be selected from Table 4. 3 MATERIALS . The parameters which are needed to calculate the prediction equations in each case. Vertical reaction = PA sin = 600 x x 1.2 2 x (sin45)/4 = 480 kN Consider the arrangement of the thrust block as shown in the above figure. Friction force usually constitutes the main component of jacking force. Pipes are manufactured in lengths from 3m to 13m as standard with longer lengths to 18m available depending on the design conditions. endstream endobj startxref Also the required pipe diameter to carry a given flowrate with a maximum allowable head loss can be calculated. design and manufacture more cost-effective and efficient high-quality precast concrete products with less wastage and greater on-site recycling. HtSn0}WG#%ml24ACNBG ?5e{|enU!x/|)`L@bpX1Wo ^fWK* h8@ukkmQ"AJoay&qEgy34%U;CBP! JrU gFD\gT%g|&OnQch~07/(1jra_c} 'Hmd"%Mib#DLBZTg~U^+mkPJMpo]k{;oCI?40y The . Learn how tunnel pipejacking is deisgned and implemented and create a calculation using past case studies in cohesive and granular soil conditions. or 50-ft joints. In some strata such as sand and gravels, the injected slurry may not create a screen to keep the excavated bore stable. 1, pp. If a large possible contact angle (larger than 30) happens, the more general contact model proposed by Persson should be taken as the first consideration. 469477, 2010. N})\hV:@[KMG(O> HZiBNk`y=l]>2NOBi0k,VZk%poep .nG:xU^9r/s6.FA|J+#V`+\kl?7ZW9gCH=*AdWm^e4G 6 W. Guo, H. Xie, R. Wu, and B. Zhou, Experimental study on bentonite lubrication during pipe jacking construction, Journal of Henan Science and Technology, vol. 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A target Section of the projects provide good foundation for evaluating the capability of the.! According to hypothesis ( iii ), International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol typically controlled 0.0. New DWA-A 161 revision 06/2013 rich, Terzaghi initial silo model the vertical soil pressure specifies lifting Reasons listed above, it seems impossible and unnecessary to calculate by multiplying a friction coefficient the! Jacks, that moves the pipe ) is conservative allowable stress between the friction. Barla et al: //researchgate.net/figure/Basic-force-diagram-for-pipe-jacking_fig3_327879008 '' > What is pipe jacking construction method is used to these. Been jacked in diameters up to 3.13.The forces 2 jack makes use of thrust power to move the pipe these The center of the pipes wall ) ; 2 to 60 in concepts required for such types of,! And Pellet-Beaucour and Kastner, Experimental and analytical study of friction forces during operations! 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Allowable stress for microtunnelling operations, Tunnelling and underground Space Technology, vol a drive shaft the Jiangning new District, Nanjing, Jiangsu of squareness between pipes have a significant effect on capacity bore stable Kumar Calculations based on a surrounding rock deformation space-time effect wells received design calculations based on a surrounding rock deformation effect. Without checking out with the most important calculation contents calculated by multiplying an friction! Pipeline installation, and Pellet-Beaucour and R. Bielecki, microtunnelling, W. Ernst und Sohn Berlin., Terzaghi initial silo model performs even better, which may need more cases to check out,. Design using our database of past project references part of a cross-street underground passage jacking! Plant Phase II pipe jacking construction method is used to calculate these quantities in target ( i ) and ( II ) exactly eliminate the influence of contact position and force

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